Pencegahan stroke dengan intervensi edukasi dan screening resiko stroke pada lansia di Kampung Skow Sae Distrik Muara Tami Jayapura Papua

Abstract

Abstrak

Kemunduran fungsi organ pada lansia dapat meningkatkan faktor resiko terhadap beberapa masalah kesehatan salah satunya adalah stroke. Data Puskesmas Skow menunjukkan bahwa di Kampung Skow Sae terdapat 1 kasus stroke pada lansia, 25 kasus hipertensi, 10 kasus diabetes melitus, dan 20 kasus kolesterol tinggi pada kelompok usia lanjut. Selain itu, sekitar 38% lansia di Kampung Skow Sae tidak rutin menghadiri kegiatan Posyandu Lansia, sehingga pemantauan faktor risiko dan edukasi kesehatan tidak berlangsung optimal. Kader lansia juga melaporkan bahwa informasi mengenai stroke serta pemeriksaan risiko stroke belum pernah dilakukan di Posyandu Lansia. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan lansia tentang penyakit stroke dan melakukan screening resiko stroke pada lansia. Metode kegiatan mencakup 2 kegiatan yakni: (1) Pemberian edukasi berupa penyuluhan interaktif; dan (2) Melakukan screening risiko stroke dengan menggunakan The Stroke Risk Score Card (SRSC) yakni instrument hasil pengembangan model deteksi risiko stroke oleh National Stroke Association. Kegiatan dilaksanakanpada tanggayl 21 Maret 2025 dan melibatkan 28 lansia sebagai peserta. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuasioner untuk menilai perubahan pengetahuan dan The Stroke Risk Score Card (SRSC) untuk menilai tingkat risiko stroke pada peserta. Hasil kegaiatan menunjukan peningkatan pengetahuan lansia dengan hasil  mean pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah edukasi/penyuluhan  (23,93 dan 56,43) dengan peningkatan 136%.  Hasil screening 10,8% lansia dengan risiko tinggi stroke, 32,1% risiko sedang stroke dan 57,1% dengan risiko rendah stroke. Kegiatan ini dapat dilakukan berkelanjutan untuk menurunkan faktor risiko stroke, sehingga kejadian stroke bisa dicegah dan menurunkan disabilitas serta mortalitas akibat stroke. Implikasinya, diperlukan penguatan edukasi kesehatan, pemantauan rutin faktor risiko, serta rujukan dan tata laksana cepat bagi lansia berisiko tinggi melalui kolaborasi antara PKM, kader, dan keluarga.

Kata kunci: pengabdian; lansia; resiko stroke; Stroke Risk Score Card (SRSC)  

Abstract

Declining organ function in older adults increases the risk of various health problems, one of which is stroke. Data from the Skow Community Health Center (Puskesmas Skow) show that in Skow Sae Village there is 1 case of stroke in an older adult, 25 cases of hypertension, 10 cases of diabetes mellitus, and 20 cases of hypercholesterolemia in the elderly population. In addition, about 38% of older adults in Skow Sae Village do not regularly attend the Posyandu Lansia (integrated health post for the elderly), resulting in suboptimal monitoring of risk factors and health education. Elderly cadres also reported that information regarding stroke and stroke risk assessment has never been provided at the Posyandu Lansia. This community service activity aimed to increase older adults’ knowledge about stroke and to conduct stroke risk screening among them. The methods consisted of two activities: (1) providing education through interactive health counseling, and (2) conducting stroke risk screening using the Stroke Risk Score Card (SRSC), an instrument developed by the National Stroke Association for stroke risk detection. The activity was carried out on March 21, 2025 and involved 28 older adults as participants. Evaluation was conducted using a questionnaire to assess changes in knowledge and the SRSC to determine the level of stroke risk among participants. The results showed an increase in knowledge, with mean scores before and after education/counseling of 23.93 and 56.43, respectively, representing a 136% improvement. Screening results showed that 10.8% of older adults had a high risk of stroke, 32.1% had a moderate risk, and 57.1% had a low risk of stroke. This activity can be continued sustainably to reduce stroke risk factors, thereby preventing stroke events and reducing disability and mortality due to stroke. The implications highlight the need to strengthen health education, routinely monitor risk factors, and ensure prompt referral and management for high-risk older adults through collaboration between the health center, community health cadres, and families.

Keywords: devotion; elderly; stroke risk; Stroke Risk Score Card (SRSC).