Hypertension Self-Management Education (HSME) berbasis virtual reality terhadap self-efficacy penderita hipertensi dalam upaya pencegahan stroke di Gubeng Surabaya
Abstract
Abstrak
Hipertensi yang tidak terkontrol menyebabkan kerusakan pembuluh darah otak dan memicu stroke yang berpotensi menyebabkan kecacatan permanen atau kematian. Rendahnya self-management penderita hpertensi dalam menjalankan perawatan secara mandiri disebabkan oleh rendahnya self-efficacy. Penderita dengan efikasi diri yang rendah cenderung kurang konsisten dalam menerapkan perilaku sehat seperti kepatuhan minum obat, pengaturan diet rendah garam, aktivitas fisik teratur, pengendalian stres, serta pemantauan tekanan darah secara rutin. Metode edukasi yang masih bersifat konvensional, cenderung bersifat satu arah dan kurang interaktif berpotensi membatasi pengalaman belajar dalam meningkatkan keterlibatan serta keyakinan pasien dalam mengelola kesehatannya secara mandiri. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan efikasi diri penderita hipertensi melalui pemberian hypertension self-management education (HSME) berbasis virtual reality. Kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan selama 4 minggu dengan melibatkan 65 penderita hipertensi. Tim pengabdi memberikan pendampingan dan edukasi self-management berbasis virtual reality. Hasil kuesioner didapatkan hasil efikasi diri responden sebelum kegiatan VR-HSME, mayoritas memiliki efikasi diri cukup 58.5% dan setelah kegiatan pendampingan menjadi efikasi diri baik 70.8%. Setelah kegiatan pengabdian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efikasi diri guna mencegah terjadinya stroke pada penderita hipertensi.
Kata kunci: hipertensi; self-management; self-efficacy; stroke; virtual reality.
Abstract
Uncontrolled hypertension causes damage to cerebral blood vessels and significantly increases the risk of stroke, which may result in permanent disability or death. Poor self-management among individuals with hypertension is often associated with low self-efficacy. Patients with low self-efficacy tend to be less consistent in adopting healthy behaviors, including adherence to antihypertensive medication, maintaining a low-sodium diet, engaging in regular physical activity, managing stress, and routinely monitoring blood pressure. Conventional educational approaches, which are generally one-way and less interactive, may limit meaningful learning experiences and reduce patients’ engagement and confidence in managing their health independently. This community service program aimed to improve the self-efficacy of individuals with hypertension through the implementation of a **Virtual Reality–Based Hypertension Self-Management Education (VR-HSME)** program. The program was conducted over four weeks and involved 65 individuals with hypertension. Participants received mentoring and self-management education using virtual reality technology. Questionnaire results indicated that, prior to the intervention, the majority of participants (58.5%) demonstrated a moderate level of self-efficacy. Following the VR-HSME program, 70.8% of participants achieved a high level of self-efficacy. These findings suggest that virtual reality–based hypertension self-management education has the potential to enhance self-efficacy, thereby supporting stroke prevention among individuals with hypertension.
Keywords: hypertension; self-management; self-efficacy; stroke; virtual reality.
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v10i3.39072
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