Pemberdayaan lansia dengan penyakit kronis dalam penerapan manajemen stres : dukungan sosial
Abstract
Abstrak
Lansia dengan penyakit kronis rentan mengalami stres akibat perubahan kondisi fisik, psikologis, dan sosial yang dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup. Dukungan sosial merupakan salah satu strategi yang efektif dalam membantu lansia mengelola stres serta meningkatkan kemampuan adaptasi terhadap penyakit kronis. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan lansia mengenai manajemen stres melalui dukungan sosial serta meningkatkan kemampuan lansia dalam merefleksikan dukungan sosial yang dimiliki sebagai salah satu strategi koping. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada tanggal 18–20 Mei 2026 di RW 04 Kelurahan Kasin, Kecamatan Klojen, Kota Malang dengan melibatkan 20 lansia. Metode yang digunakan meliputi edukasi, diskusi, dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD), disertai evaluasi menggunakan pre-test dan post-test. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan peserta, ditandai dengan meningkatnya proporsi lansia yang memiliki kategori pengetahuan baik dari 50% menjadi 75%. Selain itu, kemampuan refleksi terhadap dukungan sosial juga meningkat, dengan rata-rata skor dari 18,25 menjadi 22,05 setelah pelaksanaan FGD. Program ini menunjukkan bahwa edukasi yang dipadukan dengan refleksi kelompok, efektif meningkatkan pemahaman lansia mengenai pemanfaatan dukungan sosial sebagai strategi manajemen stres. Penguatan dukungan sosial diharapkan dapat membantu lansia mengelola stres, meningkatkan kemampuan adaptasi terhadap penyakit kronis, serta mendukung terwujudnya penuaan yang sehat dan berkualitas.
Kata kunci: dukungan sosial; lansia; manajemen stres; pemberdayaan; penyakit kronis
Abstract
Older adults with chronic diseases are vulnerable to stress due to physical, psychological, and social changes that may negatively affect their quality of life. Social support is recognized as an effective strategy to help older adults manage stress and enhance their ability to adapt to chronic illnesses. This Community Service Program (*Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat*, PkM) aimed to improve older adults' knowledge of stress management through social support and to enhance their ability to reflect on the social support they receive as a coping strategy. The program was conducted from May 18–20, 2026, in RW 04, Kasin Village, Klojen District, Malang City, involving 20 older adults. The intervention consisted of educational sessions, group discussions, and *Focus Group Discussions* (FGDs), followed by evaluations using pre-test and post-test assessments. The results demonstrated an improvement in participants' knowledge, as indicated by an increase in the proportion of older adults with good knowledge from 50% to 75%. Furthermore, participants' ability to reflect on social support improved, with the mean reflection score increasing from 18.25 to 22.05 following the FGD sessions. These findings indicate that education combined with structured group reflection is an effective approach to enhancing older adults' understanding and utilization of social support as a stress management strategy. Strengthening social support is expected to help older adults better manage stress, improve their adaptation to chronic diseases, and promote healthy and successful aging.
Keywords: chronic disease; community empowerment; older adults; social support; stress management
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Amin, S. M., Khedr, M. A., Tawfik, A. F., Malek, M. G. N., & El-Ashry, A. M. (2025). The mediating and moderating role of social support on the relationship between psychological well-being and burdensomeness among elderly with chronic illness : community nursing perspective. BMC Nursing, 24(156). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-02743-4
Barrenetxea, J., Yang, Y., Markides, K. S., Pan, A., Koh, W.-P., & Feng, Q. (2022). Social support and health among older adults – the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Ageing and Society, 42(8), 1921–1937. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X20001944
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2026). About Chronic Diseases. 14 May 2026. https://www.cdc.gov/chronic-disease/about/index.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Fang, B., Li, D., Chen, B., Huang, J., Hou, Y., & Liu, H. (2022). Perceived Support Protects against Negative Affective Experiences of Momentary Solitude: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study. Journals of Gerontology - Series B Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 77(12), 2170–2181. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbac081
Hijas-Gómez, A. I., Ayala, A., Rodríguez-García, M. P., Rodríguez-Blázquez, C., Rodríguez-Rodríguez, V., Rojo-Pérez, F., Fernández-Mayoralas, G., Rodríguez-Laso, A., Calderón-Larrañaga, A., & Forjaz, M. J. (2020). The WHO active ageing pillars and its association with survival: Findings from a population-based study in Spain. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 90, 104114. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2020.104114
Hoang, P., King, J. A., Moore, S., Moore, K., Reich, K., Sidhu, H., Tan, C. V., Whaley, C., & McMillan, J. (2022). Interventions Associated With Reduced Loneliness and Social Isolation in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Network Open, 5(10), e2236676. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.36676
Jian, C., Peng, X., Tian, H., & Ding, Q. (2026). The influence of social support on active aging in chronic disease patients among older adults : mediating role of coping strategies. Frontiers in Public Health, 14(1747285), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1747285
Kane, R. L., Ouslander, J. G., Resnick, B., & Malone, M. L. (2018). The Essentials of Clinical Geriatrics (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Li, Z., Qin, S., Zhu, Y., Zhou, Q., Yi, A., Mo, C., Gao, J., Chen, J., Wang, T., Feng, Z., & Mo, X. (2025). Social support mediates the relationship between depression and subjective well-being in elderly patients with chronic diseases : Evidence from a survey in Rural Western China. PloS One, 20(6), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0325029
Lin, C., Zhu, X., Wang, X., Wang, L., Wu, Y., Hu, X., Wen, J., & Cong, L. (2025). The impact of perceived social support on chronic disease self-management among older inpatients in China: The chain-mediating roles of psychological resilience and health empowerment. BMC Geriatrics, 25(284). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-05902-z
Sarafino, E. P., & Smith, T. W. (2011). Health Psychology : Biopsychosocial Interactions (Seventh Ed). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Setyobudi, Y. E., & Astutik, N. D. (2026). Penguatan peran kader kesehatan dalam meningkatkan dukungan sosial : identifikasi kebutuhan caregiver informal lansia. SELAPARANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan, 10(April), 1369–1374. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v10i2.37945
World Health Organization. (2025). Ageing and health. 01 October 2025. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Xiao, S., Shi, L., Dong, F., Zheng, X., Xue, Y., Zhang, J., Xue, B., Lin, H., Ouyang, P., & Zhang, C. (2022). The impact of chronic diseases on psychological distress among the older adults: the mediating and moderating role of activities of daily living and perceived social support. Aging & Mental Health, 26(9), 1798–1804. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2021.1947965
Zhang, S. Q., Deng, M., Xu, X. J., Yang, Y., Zhao, S., Yue, J., Chen, Y. X., Wang, F. Z., & Yang, X. (2025). Social support and self-management activation among older adult chronic disease patients in China : the chain mediating role of acceptance of illness and fatigue. Frontiers in Public Health, 13(1637017), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1637017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v10i5.40551
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
______________________________________________________
Jurnal Selaparang
p-ISSN 2614-5251 || e-ISSN 2614-526X
EDITORIAL OFFICE: