PROGRAM EDUKASI KESEHATAN SEKSUAL DAN REPRODUKSI ANAK DENGAN DISABILITAS INTELEKTUAL DI SEKOLAH LUAR BIASA
Abstract
Abstrak: Anak dengan disabilitas intelektual mempuyai kerentanan pada perkembangan seksual dan reproduksi. Anak dengan disabilitas intelektual berhubungan dengan aktifitas seksual dan reproduksi yang tidak adekuat seperti kebersihan saat menstruasi dan ketidakadekuatan pengetahuan tentang penyakit menular seksual. Tujuan: Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan anak dengan disabilitas intelektual dan keyakinan orang tua tentang kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi. Metode: Kegiatan edukasi dilakukan di SLB BC YPASP Gondangrejo Karanganyar dilaksanakan Bulan Februari-Mei 2025 dan diikuti oleh 18 orang tua dan anak dengan disabilitas intelektual. Media edukasi yang digunakan adalah power point, phantom dan gambar organ reproduksi. Mitra kegiatan adalah sekolah, anak dengan disabilitas intelektual, dan orang tua. Tahap kegiatan meliputi: persiapan, pelaksanaan, evaluasi melalui 10 pertanyaaan untuk kuesioner pengetahuan dan 26 pernyataan untuk kuesioner keyakinan orang tua, serta tindak lanjut. Hasil: Rerata peningkatan pengetahuan anak meliputi pengenalan organ reproduksi dan seksual sebesar 57%, perlindungan dari kekerasan seksual sebesar 48%, kebersihan reproduksi dan seksual sebesar 46%, dan cara bergaul dengan lawan jenis sebesar 56%. Rerata sikap dan keyakinan orang tua meliputi sikap sebesar 15%, keyakinan terhadap manfaat sebesar 14%, keyakinan terhadap hambatan sebesar 14%, dan efikasi diri sebesar 9%. Kesimpulan: Kegiatan edukasi kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan anak, sikap, keyakinan, dan efikasi diri orang tua. Edukasi kesehatan seksual dapat dilakukan secara terstruktur dan menggunakan media yang mudah dipahami anak, serta melibatkan orang tua dan tenaga pendidikan di sekolah.
Abstract: Children with intellectual disabilities are vulnerable to sexual and reproductive development issues. Children with intellectual disabilities are associated with inadequate sexual and reproductive activities, such as poor hygiene during menstruation and insufficient knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases. Objective: This community service activity aims to improve the knowledge of children with intellectual disabilities and their parents' beliefs about sexual and reproductive health. Method: Educational activities were conducted at SLB BC YPASP Gondangrejo Karanganyar from February to May 2025 and attended by 18 parents and children with intellectual disabilities. Educational materials used included PowerPoint presentations, phantom models, and images of reproductive organs. Partners in the activity included the school, children with intellectual disabilities, and parents. The activity stages included: preparation, implementation, evaluation through a 10-question knowledge questionnaire and a 26-statement parent belief questionnaire, and follow-up activities. Results: The average increase in children's knowledge includes recognition of reproductive and sexual organs at 57%, protection from sexual violence at 48%, reproductive and sexual hygiene at 46%, and how to interact with the opposite sex at 56%. The average attitudes and beliefs of parents included attitudes of 15%, beliefs about benefits of 14%, beliefs about barriers of 14%, and self-efficacy of 9%. Conclusion: Sexual and reproductive health education activities can improve children's knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and self-efficacy. Sexual health education can be conducted in a structured manner using media that is easy for children to understand and involving parents and school educators.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jmm.v9i4.33392
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