OPTIMALISASI PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF MELALUI PENDAMPINGAN ASUHAN NIFAS BERBASIS EDUKASI DAN DUKUNGAN PSIKOSOSIAL BAGI IBU PASCAPERSALINAN

Abstract

Abstrak: Pemberian ASI eksklusif selama enam bulan pertama penting bagi kesehatan bayi dan kesejahteraan ibu. Namun, cakupan di wilayah Puskesmas Mantuil masih rendah, sekitar 60%, di bawah target nasional 80%. Rendahnya cakupan dipengaruhi kurangnya pengetahuan tentang manfaat ASI, teknik menyusui, serta minimnya dukungan keluarga dan tenaga kesehatan. Kegiatan ini bertujuan meningkatkan cakupan ASI eksklusif melalui edukasi dan pendampingan berbasis asuhan nifas dengan fokus pada keterampilan menyusui dan dukungan psikososial. Metode menggunakan pendekatan partisipasi melalui identifikasi kondisi awal, penyusunan materi edukasi, pelaksanaan program, dan evaluasi.Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan Puskesmas Mantuil sebagai mitra kerjasama yang berlokasi di Kecamatan Mantuil Kota Banjarmasin Kalimantan Selatan dan diikuti oleh 15 peserta yang terdiri dari ibu hamil trimester 3 dan ibu nifas. Survei awal menilai pemahaman ibu, dilanjutkan pelatihan meliputi teknik menyusui, manajemen laktasi, serta strategi mengatasi stres pasca persalinan. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan membandingkan data sebelum dan sesudah intervensi menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan ASI Eksklusif, indikator keberhasilan kegiatan adalah komitmen ibu hamil dan nifas bersedia menyusui eksklusif didampingi oleh kader dan keluarga. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan, keterampilan menyusui, dan cakupan ASI eksklusif yang diukur rata-rata naik sebesar 36,27%. Monitoring dilakukan selama 1 bulan untuk mengidentifikasi hambatan menyusui. Kesimpulan menunjukkan edukasi dan dukungan psikososial efektif meningkatkan keberhasilan ASI. Luaran mencakup peningkatan cakupan, modul edukasi, dan rekomendasi kebijakan.

Abstract: Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months is important for the health of babies and the well-being of mothers. However, coverage in the Mantuil Community Health Center area is still low, at around 60%, below the national target of 80%. The low coverage is influenced by a lack of knowledge about the benefits of breastfeeding, breastfeeding techniques, and minimal support from family and health workers. This activity aims to increase exclusive breastfeeding coverage through education and postpartum care-based assistance with a focus on breastfeeding skills and psychosocial support. The method uses a participatory approach through initial condition identification, educational material development, program implementation, and evaluation. This activity was carried out in collaboration with the Mantuil Community Health Center, located in Mantuil District, Banjarmasin City, South Kalimantan, and was attended by 15 participants consisting of pregnant women in their third trimester and postpartum mothers. An initial survey assessed the mothers' understanding, followed by training on breastfeeding techniques, lactation management, and strategies for coping with postpartum stress. The evaluation was conducted by comparing data before and after the intervention using an exclusive breastfeeding knowledge questionnaire. The indicator of the activity's success was the commitment of pregnant and postpartum mothers to exclusively breastfeed with the assistance of cadres and family members. The results of the activities showed an increase in knowledge, breastfeeding skills, and exclusive breastfeeding coverage, which was measured to have increased by an average of 36.27%. Monitoring was conducted for 1 month to identify barriers to breastfeeding. The conclusion shows that education and psychosocial support are effective in increasing breastfeeding success. The outputs include increased coverage, educational modules, and policy recommendations.