PENERAPAN RUMAH KUMBUNG JAMUR TIRAM BERBASIS IoT UNTUK PENGENDALIAN MIKROKLIMAT DAN PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS MITRA

Abstract

Abstrak: Produktivitas budidaya jamur tiram di kelompok masyarakat desa sangat dipengaruhi oleh kestabilan suhu, kelembapan, sirkulasi udara, dan disiplin pengelolaan rumah kumbung. Di, Pada tahap awal budidaya masih dilakukan secara sederhana melalui penyiraman manual dan pengamatan visual sehingga mikroklimat tidak stabil, pertumbuhan jamur tidak seragam, risiko kontaminasi tinggi, dan hasil panen belum konsisten. Pengabdian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penerapan rumah kumbung berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) untuk memperkuat produksi dan kemandirian usaha mitra. Kegiatan dilakukan melalui sosialisasi, pelatihan, perancangan sistem, pemasangan perangkat, pendampingan operasional, serta monitoring dan evaluasi pada 40 peserta dari KWT Saromasea dan Usaha Jelita. Evaluasi dilakukan secara formatif dan sumatif, didukung pemantauan data suhu dan kelembapan berbasis IoT serta perbandingan kondisi sebelum dan sesudah penerapan. Indikator keberhasilan mencakup peningkatan kapasitas produksi, penurunan tingkat kegagalan, stabilitas mikroklimat, keseragaman pertumbuhan jamur serta peningkatan keterampilan mitra. Sistem menggunakan ESP32/NodeMCU, sensor suhu-kelembapan, relay, humidifier, pompa air, exhaust fan, dan pemantauan melalui telepon genggam. Hasil menunjukkan kapasitas baglog meningkat dari 800 menjadi 9.000 per bulan dan kegagalan produksi turun dari lebih 20% menjadi kurang 5%.

Abstract: The productivity of oyster mushroom cultivation in rural community groups is strongly influenced by the stability of temperature, humidity, air circulation, and disciplined mushroom-house management. In theearly stages cultivation practices were still carried out conventionally through manual watering and visual observation, resulting in unstable microclimatic conditions, uneven mushroom growth, high contamination risk, and inconsistent yields. This community service program aims to describe the implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based mushroom house to strengthen production and the business independence of partner groups. The activities were carried out through socialization, training, system design, device installation, operational assistance, as well as monitoring and evaluation involving 40 participants from KWT Saromasea and Usaha Jelita. The evaluation was conducted both formatively and summarily, supported bu IoT based temperature and humidity data monitoring and a comparison of pre and post implementation conditions. Indicators of success included increased production capacity, reduced failure rates, microclimate stability, uniform ushroom growth, and improved partner skills. The system employed an ESP32/NodeMCU, temperature-humidity sensors, relays, humidifiers, water pumps, exhaust fans, and smartphone-based monitoring. The results showed that baglog capacity increased from 800 to 9,000 units per month, while the production failure rate declined from more than 20% to less than 5%.