OPTIMALISASI PERAN CAREGIVER DALAM PENCEGAHAN DISABILITAS PENDERITA STROKE MELALUI ACTIVE-PASSIVE RANGE OF MOTION TRAINING

Abstract

Abstrak: Jumlah kunjungan pasien hipertensi dan penderita stroke di Puskesmas 3-4 Ulu Palembang sejak januari hingga oktober 2022 sebanyak 1532 dan 213 orang. Masalah yang sering terjadi pasca-stroke adalah terjadi kelemahan otot tubuh, gangguan persyarafan dan koordinasi. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan memberikan edukasi mengenai penyakit hipertensi dan stroke, serta memberikan latihan active-passive range of motion bagi kader dan caregiver dalam membantu rehabilitsi penderita pasca-stroke. Rangkaian kegiatan pengabdian ini terdiri dari perizinan, pelaksanaan serta monitoring dan evaluasi. Kegiatan pelaksanaan dibagi 3 tahap, tahap I: analisa situasi, identifikasi masalah kesehatan dan penetapan prioritas masalah. Tahap II: memberikan edukasi dengan metode ceramah, diskusi, pembagian leaflet serta memberi latihan active-passive range of motion melalui pemutaran video dan demonstrasi yang dilaksanakan dalam satu hari, sekaligus mengevaluasi pemahaman peserta terhadap materi yang disampaikan. Tahap III: melakukan home visite pada dua keluarga penderita stroke di wilayah kerja Puskesmas setempat dan memberikan latihan kepada caregiver dan keluarga. Monitoring dilakukan setiap 4 hari selama 2 minggu dengan memantau lembar checklist serta mengobservasi langsung latihan range of motion yang diberikan caregiver kepada penderita stroke. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan 95% peserta mampu menjawab dan menjelaskan pemahamannya terkait hipertensi dan stroke serta 90% masyarakat telah mampu mempraktikkan ROM. Hasil implementasi pada keluarga didapat bahwa 90-95% caregiver telah memberikan ROM pada penderita stroke dengan memenuhi durasi, intensitas dan frekuensi yang ditetapkan. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian ini diharapkan terbentuk kemandirian caregiver dan penderita stroke dalam menerapkan teknik range of motion sebagai upaya rehabilitasi untuk mencegah kelemahan/ kecacatan permanen penderita stroke.

Abstract: The number of visits by hypertension patients and stroke sufferers at the 3-4 Ulu Palembang Health Center from January to October 2022 was 1532 and 213 people. Muscle weakness, impaired nerve and coordination are the most common post-stroke problems. This community service aims to educate cadres, caregivers and the public about hypertension and stroke, as well as provide active-passive range of motion exercises for post-stroke rehabilitation. This series of service activities consists of licensing, implementation as well as monitoring and evaluation. Implementation were divided into 3 stages, stage I: situation analysis, identification of health problems and setting priority of problems. Stage II: providing education using lecture methods, discussions, distributing leaflets and providing active-passive range of motion exercises through video screenings and demonstrations which were carried out in one day, as well as evaluating participants' understanding of the material presented. Implementation of phase III: conducting home visits to 2 families of stroke sufferers by providing direct training to caregivers and families. Monitoring was carried out every 4 days for 2 weeks by monitoring the checklist sheet and directly observing the range of motion exercises given by the caregiver to the stroke patient. The evaluation results showed that 95% of participants were able to answer and explain their understanding regarding hypertension and stroke and 90% of the community was able to practice ROM. The results of implementation in the family found that 90% of caregivers had provided ROM to stroke patients by fulfilling the specified duration, intensity and frequency. Through this service activity, it is hoped that the independence of caregivers and stroke sufferers will be formed in applying range of motion techniques as a rehabilitation effort to prevent weakness/permanent disability of stroke sufferers.