REFORMING CONTROLLED FOREIGN CORPORATIONS IN INDONESIA: LESSONS LEARNED FROM BEPS ACTION PLAN AND GERMANY
Abstract
Abstrak: Meningkatnya aktivitas ekonomi antar negara memberikan ruang bagi perusahaan untuk membentuk perusahaan terkendali yang berada di luar negeri (Controlled Foreign Corporations) sehingga menyebabkan naiknya risiko penggelapan pajak. OECD dan G20 merekomendasikan Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) Action Plan agar negara-negara dapat mengadopsi peraturan yang ideal terkait CFC. Oleh karena itu, Indonesia merilis Peraturan Menteri Keuangan no. 93/PMK.03/2019, dimana Jerman juga mengadaptasi peraturan CFC ini melalui German Foreign Transaction Act 1972. Namun, Jerman dinilai lebih berhasil dalam melindungi basis pajk negaranya dalam ruang lingkup CFC. Maka, riset ini dilakukan untuk membandingkan antara peraturan CFC di Indonesia dengan Jerman serta OECD BEPS Action Plan dalam aspek control, kualifikasi pendapatan, serta keringanan beban pajak. Melalui penelitian yuridis-normatif dan pendekatan kualitatif, telah dikemukakan bahwa perbedaan utama tertera dalam lingkup pengendali tidak langsung, kewajiban keterbukaan pemegang saham, spesifikasi yurisdiksi pajak, dan metode keringanan pajak, yang selanjutnya akan diolah sebagai rekomendasi kebijakan untuk memperkuat regulasi CFC di Indonesia.
Abstract: The rise of cross-border multinational companies allows the occurrence of Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC), which consequently gives rise to the risk of tax evasion. The OECD and G20 enacted the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) Action Plan to recommend nations in adopting an ideal policy for CFC. In response, Indonesia promulgated Ministry of Finance Regulation No.93/PMK.03/2019, whereas Germany adopted the German Foreign Transaction Tax Act 1972. However, Germany was deemed more successful in maintaining the tax base of the nation from the conduct of CFC. Hence, this research was conducted to compare the CFC regulation in Indonesia and Germany as well as the OECD BEPS Action Plan, especially in pertaining to the aspect of control, income qualification, and tax relief. Through juridical-normative research and qualitative approach, it is found that the main differences are prevalent in the scope of indirect controller, mandatory disclosure, tax jurisdiction, and method of tax relief, which are incorporated as policy recommendations to further strengthen the CFC regulation in Indonesia
Keywords
Full Text:
Download [PDF]References
Cahyono, W. H., & Aisyah, R. H. S. (2020). Kewenangan Pejabat Kantor Pelayanan Perbendaharaan Negara dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Negara di Daerah. Jurist-Diction, 3(2), 745. https://doi.org/10.20473/jd.v3i2.18216
D., K. (2018). A strategic roadmap for secondary fracture prevention: Review of outcomes following summit meeting in July 2017. Osteoporosis International, 29(1), S118–S119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-018-4439-3 LK - http://limo.libis.be/resolver?&sid=EMBASE&issn=14332965&id=doi:10.1007%2Fs00198-018-4439-3&atitle=A+strategic+roadmap+for+secondary+fracture+prevention%3A+Review+of+outcomes+following+summit+meeting+in+July+2017&stitle=Osteoporosis+Int.&title=Osteoporosis+International&volume=29&issue=1&spage=S118&epage=S119&aulast=Kiel&aufirst=D.&auinit=D.&aufull=Kiel+D.&coden=&isbn=&pages=S118-S119&date=2018&auinit1=D&auinitm=
D’Ascenzo, M. (2018). The Spotlight on BEPS: Business Erosion and Profit Shifting. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3146712
Fleming Jr., J. C., Peroni, R. J., & Shay, S. E. (2009). Worse Than Exemption. Emory Law Journal, 59, 79–150.
Gomes, M. L. (2018). International Taxation and the Challenges for Multilateralism in the Context of the OECD Multilateral Instrument. Bulletin for International Taxation, 72(2), 87–98.
Haufler, A., Mardan, M., & Schindler, D. (2014). An Economic Rationale for Controlled-Foreign-Corporation Rules. Annual Conference 2014 of German Economic Association.
Hybka, M. M. (2014). Restraining Harmful Tax Competition: An Analysis Of American CFC Legislation. Ekonomia i Prawo, 13(3), 377. https://doi.org/10.12775/eip.2014.027
Irewati, A. (2018). Dinamika Kerja Sama Subregional di Selat Malaka: City to City Connectivity sebagai Pendukung Koridor Ekonomi. Jurnal Penelitian Politik, 15(1), 65. https://doi.org/10.14203/jpp.v15i1.758
Lokken, L., & Kitamura, Y. (2012). Credit vs. Exemption: A Comparative Study of Double Tax Relief in the United States and Japan. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1757990
Morotomi, T. (2016). A Japan-United States Comparison of Recent Corporate Tax Reform Debates and Taxing Multinationals. The Kyoto Economic Review, 85(1-2), 135–173. https://doi.org/10.11179/ker.85.135
OECD. (2013). Economic Policy Reforms 2013. In Economic Policy Reforms: Going for Growth (Vol. 23, Number 3). https://doi.org/10.1787/growth-2013-en
Poterba, J. M. (2013). Tax Evasion and Tax Rates: An Analysis of Individual Returns. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 95(2), 347–361. https://doi.org/10.1162/REST
Prettl, A. M. (2017). Influence of Anti-Tax Avoidance Rules on Profit Shifting and Real FDI - Examining CFC Rules. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2893907
Ramm, K. (2015). Designing Effective Controlled Foreign Company Rules, Action 3 - 2015 Final Report. International Tax Review, 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264241152-en
Russo, R. (2017). Base erosion and profit shifting. In The Challenge of the Digital Economy: Markets, Taxation and Appropriate Economic Models (pp. 39–54). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43690-6_3
Soekanto, S., & Mamudji, S. (2011). Penelitian Hukum Normatif, Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. In Jakarta : Raja Grafindo Persada.
Sugiyono. (2012). Metode Penelitian Administrasi Dilengkapi dengan Metode R&D. In Bandung: Alfabeta. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-011-9347-8
Umar, S., Ismail, S., & Muhaimin. (2018). Conversion Of Conventional Cooperatives Into Sharia Cooperatives ( Sutudy In West Lombok Regency ). International Journal of Humanities, Relogion and Sical Science. ISSN : 2548-5725, Vol. 2, Issue. 06, 2018, www.doarj.org, 2(6), 13–23.
von Hagen, D., & Prettl, A. M. (2017). Controlled Foreign Corporation Rules and Cross-Border M&A Activity. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3070357
Walsh-Führing, M. (2018). The Panama Papers: breaking the story of how the rich and powerful hide their money. International Affairs, 94(3), 671–672. https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiy059
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jmm.v4i3.2496
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2020 Leonardi Ryan Andika, Laras Thryza Amandari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
________________________________________________________________
JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) p-ISSN 2598-8158 & e-ISSN 2614-5758
Email: [email protected]
________________________________________________________________
JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) already indexing:
________________________________________________________________
JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) OFFICE: