PENINGKATAN PRIMORDIAL PREVENTION DIABETES MELITUS PADA REMAJA PEDESAAN MELALUI EDUKASI CLEAN EATING

Asriati Asriati; Christin Debora Nabuasa; Helen Try Juniasti; Lisda Oktavia Madu Pamangin; Natalia Paskawati Adimuntja

doi:10.31764/jmm.v9i3.30650

PENINGKATAN PRIMORDIAL PREVENTION DIABETES MELITUS PADA REMAJA PEDESAAN MELALUI EDUKASI CLEAN EATING

Asriati Asriati, Christin Debora Nabuasa, Helen Try Juniasti, Lisda Oktavia Madu Pamangin, Natalia Paskawati Adimuntja

Abstract

Abstrak: Clean Eating merupakan pola makan bersih yang melibatkan konsumsi makanan yang alami, kaya akan makanan segar dan rendah produk olahan dan gula. Remaja saat ini gemar mengkonsumsi makanan dan minuman dengan proses pengolahan yang tinggi. Remaja pedesaan mendapatkan lebih banyak kemudahan dalam hal akses dan ketersediaan bahan makanan yang sehat dengan kondisi lingkungan yang mendukung. Tujuan pengabdian adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja pedesaan mengenai konsep Clean Eating sebagai salah satu langkah pencegahan primordial diabetes melitus. Metode pengabdian dilakukan dengan memberikan sosialisasi kepada remaja pedesaan di MAN Kabupaten Jayapura sebanyak 20 siswa. Sebagian besar responden berusia 17 tahun (47,2%), berjenis kelamin laki-laki sebanyak 12 orang (57,14%), pekerjaan orang tua paling banyak adalah swasta sebanyak 12 orang (57,14%). Sebelum diberikan edukasi, terdapat 19% remaja yang masih memiliki pengetahuan rendah mengenai pencegahan diabates. Setelah kegiatan edukasi, sebanyak 100% remaja memiliki tingkat pengetahuan tinggi. Terdapat perubahan proporsi pengetahuan siswa sebanyak 19% sebelum dan setelah sosialisasi mengenai clean eating sebagai bentuk pencegahan obesitas dan diabetes melitus pada remaja.

Abstract: Clean Eating is a clean eating pattern that involves consuming natural foods, rich in fresh foods and low in processed products and sugar. Today's teenagers like to consume foods and drinks that are highly processed. Rural teenagers get more convenience regarding access and availability of healthy food ingredients with supportive environmental conditions. The purpose of community service is to introduce and increase the knowledge of rural teenagers about the concept of Clean Eating as one of the primordial prevention steps in rural teenagers with diabetes mellitus. The community service method was carried out by providing socialization to rural teenagers at MAN Jayapura Regency with as many as 20 students. Most respondents were 17 years old (47.2%), male as many as 12 people (57.14%), most parents jobs were private as many as 12 people (57.14%). Before being given education, 19% of teenagers still had low knowledge about diabetes prevention. After educational activities, 100% of teenagers had a high level of knowledge. Fewer students consumed risky foods, and most students consumed minimally processed foods such as vegetables and high-protein foods such as fish, tofu, and tempeh in the frequent category. There was a change in the proportion of student knowledge by 19% before and after socialization regarding clean eating as a form of preventing obesity and diabetes mellitus in adolescents.

Keywords

Diet; Clean Eating; Diabetes Melitus; Adolescents.

Full Text:

DOWNLOAD [PDF]

References

Alkhair, Avila, D. Z., Khatimah, N. H., Darmin, Hardinandar, F., & Mulya, K. S. (2023). Penyuluhan edukasi bahaya makanan siap saji (junk food) di MAN 1 Kota Bima. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat MAPALUS, 1(2), 1–7.

Allen., Michele, Dickinson., K. M., & Prichard., I. (2018). The Dirt on Clean Eating: A Cross Sectional Analysis of Dietary Intake, Restrained Eating and Opinions about Clean Eating among Woman. Nutrients, 10(1266), 1–11.

Asriati., & Juniasty., H. T. (2023). Analisis Perilaku Konsumsi Makanan Dan Minuman Manis Terhadap Prediabetes Remaja Di Kota Jayapura. Preventif : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakar, 14(3), 495–511.

Badan Kebijakan Pembangunan Kesehatan. (2024). Prevalensi , Dampak , serta Upaya Pengendalian Hipertensi & Diabetes di Indonesia.

Bestari Yuniah, Yudi Feriandi, & Fajar Awalia Yulianto. (2023). Proporsi Konsumsi Junk Food dan Status Gizi Berlebih di Mahasiswa Kedokteran. Jurnal Riset Kedokteran, 69–74. https://doi.org/10.29313/jrk.v3i2.2878

Dewanti, R., Ishak, S., Rate, S., & Herman, H. (2023). Hubungan Pengetahuan Gizi Dengan Sikap Dalam Pemilihan Makanan Sehat Pada Remaja Di Area Pedesaan. Jurnal Ilmu Kebidanan, 13(2), 45–52. https://doi.org/10.54444/jik.v13i2.135

Elkarima, E., Abihail, C. T., Priambudi, D. A., Mahmudiono, T., Megatsari, H., Indriani, D., & Pratama, G. Y. (2023). College Students’ Behavior Consuming Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSB) During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Amerta Nutrition, 7(2), 185–191. https://doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v7i2.2023.185-191

Fanani, A. (2020). Hubungan Faktor Risiko dengan Kejadian Diabetes Mellitus. Jurnal Keperawatan, 12(3), 371–378. Retrieved from https://journal.stikeskendal.ac.id/index.php/Keperawatan/article/download/763/483/

Fazzino, T. L., Dorling, J. L., Apolzan, J. W., & Martin, C. K. (2021). Meal composition during an ad libitum buffet meal and longitudinal predictions of weight and percent body fat change: The role of hyper-palatable, energy dense, and ultra-processed foods. Appetite, 167, 105592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105592

Fiolet, T., Srour, B., Sellem, L., Kesse-Guyot, E., Allès, B., Méjean, C., … Touvier, M. (2018). Consumption of ultra-processed foods and cancer risk: results from NutriNet-Santé prospective cohort. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 360, k322. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k322

Flieh, S. M., Moreno, L. A., Miguel-Berges, M. L., Stehle, P., Marcos, A., Molnár, D., … González-Gil, E. M. (2020). Free sugar consumption and obesity in European adolescents: The HELENA study. Nutrients. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123747

Hanafi, S., & Hafid, W. (2019). Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dan Konsumsi Fast Food dengan Kejadian Obesitas Pada Remaja. Kampurui Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (The Journal of Public Health), 1, 6–10. https://doi.org/10.55340/kjkm.v1i1.49

Horiuchi., Y., Kusama., K., Kanha., S., & Yoshiike., N. (2019). Urban-Rural Differences in Nutritional Status and Dietary Intakes of School-Aged Children in Cambodia. Nutrients, 11(14), 1–13.

Kao, K.-T., & Sabin, M. A. (2019). Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Children and Adolescents. Pediatric Type II Diabetes, 45(6), 37–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-55138-0.00006-1

Murtiningsih, M. K., Pandelaki, K., & Sedli, B. P. (2021). Gaya Hidup sebagai Faktor Risiko Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. E-CliniC, 9(2), 328. https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v9i2.32852

Nurmasyita, Widjanarko, B., Margawati, & Ani. (2016). The effect of nutrition education interventions on increasing nutritional knowledge, changes in nutrient intake and body mass index for overweight adolescents. Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition), 4(1), 38–47.

Oktaviani., W. D., & Lintang Dian Saraswarti., M. Z. R. (2012). Hubungan Kebiasaan Konsumsi Fast Food, Aktivitas Fisik, Pola Konsumsi, Karakteristik Remaja Dan Orang Tua Dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh (Imt) (Studi Kasus Pada Siswa Sma Negeri 9 Semarang Tahun 2012). Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro, 1(2), 18843.

Parinduri, M. S., & Safitri, D. E. (2018). Asupan Karbohidrat Dan Protein Berhubungan Dengan Status Gizi Anak Sekolah Di Syafana Islamic School Primary, Tangerang Selatan Tahun 2017. ARGIPA (Arsip Gizi Dan Pangan), 3(1), 48–58. https://doi.org/10.22236/argipa.v3i1.2447

Qifti, F., Malini, H., & Yetti, H. (2020). Karakteristik Remaja SMA dengan Faktor Risiko Diabetes Melitus di Kota Padang. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 20(2), 560. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v20i2.950

Ren, Y., Peng, C., Li, Y., Zhou, F., Yang, M., Xiang, B., … Zeng, J. (2022). The Association between Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and High-Energy Diets and Academic Performance in Junior School Students. Nutrients, 14(17), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14173577

Rusfianti, A., Widyaningsih., V., & Hikmayani., N. H. (2024). Model Video Pendidikan Gizi Guna Meningkatkan Pemahaman Terkait Konsumsi Produk Ultra- A Nutrition Education Video Model to Improve Understanding of Ultra-. Media Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, 34(3), 585–598.

Setyaningrum, Y. I., & Nissa, C. (2021). Penyuluhan Konsumsi Pangan Lokal Untuk Penderita Diabetes Melitus Di Desa Dilem, Kepanjen, Malang. Kumawula: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 3(3), 435. https://doi.org/10.24198/kumawula.v3i3.28025

Sumilat, D. D., & Fayasari, A. (2020). Hubungan Aktivitas Sedentari Dengan Kejadian Gizi Lebih Pada Mahasiswa Universitas Nasional. Jurnal Pangan Kesehatan Dan Gizi, 01(01), 1–10.

WHO. (2015). WHO calls on countries to reduce sugars intake among adults and children. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news/item/04-03-2015-who-calls-on-countries-to-reduce-sugars-intake-among-adults-and-children

Widyaningrum., R., Amalia., V. D., Diatri., D., & N., G. S. (2024). Skrining Prediabetes dan Diabetes Mellitus tipe 2 serta Pemberian Materi Faktor Risiko Diabetes Mellitus pada Remaja di SMA IT Harapan Bunda Semarang. Med-Com Empowerment Journal, 1(2), 10–17.

World Health Organization. (2020). Healthy Diet. Retrieved from https://www-who-int.translate.goog/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/healthy-diet?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=id&_x_tr_hl=id&_x_tr_pto=tc

World Health Organization (WHO). (2024). Diabetes. Retrieved from https://www-who-int.translate.goog/?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=id&_x_tr_hl=id&_x_tr_pto=tc&_x_tr_hist=true#tab=tab_1

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jmm.v9i3.30650