TRANSFORMASI PERILAKU PETANI MELALUI SEKOLAH KOPI BERBASIS ANDRAGOGI DALAM PENINGKATAN KUALITAS KOPI LIBERIKA WONOSALAM
Abstract
Abstrak: Kopi Liberika Wonosalam memiliki karakteristik rasa khas dan adaptabilitas tinggi, namun nilai pasarnya rendah akibat panen tidak selektif dan praktik pascapanen yang inkonsisten. Pencampuran buah matang dan mentah menghasilkan kualitas buruk serta harga tidak stabil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi penerapan sekolah kopi berbasis andragogi sebagai upaya mendorong perubahan perilaku petani dari hilir ke hulu, sekaligus memperkuat keberlanjutan kopi Liberika sebagai komoditas regional. Pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif melalui Penelitian Tindakan Partisipatif (Participatory Action Research) diterapkan dengan melibatkan petani kopi Liberika berusia di atas 17 tahun sebagai mitra aktif dalam setiap tahap penelitian, mencakup penilaian kebutuhan, perancangan kurikulum, praktik lapangan, dan evaluasi. Data diperoleh melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, dan cupping publik, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif dan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadinya transformasi kognitif berupa pemahaman petani mengenai panen selektif, perubahan afektif melalui meningkatnya kesadaran akan kualitas, serta peningkatan psikomotorik melalui praktik langsung di lapangan. Integrasi andragogi dengan pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman terbukti efektif menciptakan proses pembelajaran yang relevan dan berkelanjutan, sehingga meningkatkan daya saing kopi Liberika di pasar spesialitas sekaligus mensejahterakan petani.
Abstract: Wonosalam Liberica coffee has distinctive flavor characteristics and high adaptability, but its market value is low due to non-selective harvesting and inconsistent post-harvest practices. The mixing of ripe and unripe cherries results in poor quality and unstable prices. This study aims to explore the implementation of an andragogy-based coffee school as an effort to encourage behavioral change among farmers from downstream to upstream, while strengthening the sustainability of Liberica coffee as a regional commodity. A qualitative descriptive approach using Participatory Action Research (PAR) was applied, involving Liberica coffee farmers aged 17 and older as active partners in every stage of the research, including needs assessment, curriculum design, field practice, and evaluation. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, and public cupping sessions, and were subsequently analyzed using an interactive model and triangulation. The research results indicate cognitive transformation in the form of farmers’ understanding of selective harvesting, affective change through increased awareness of quality, and psychomotor improvement through hands-on field practice. The integration of andragogy with experience-based learning proved effective in creating a relevant and sustainable learning process, thereby enhancing the competitiveness of Liberica coffee in the specialty market while improving farmers’ livelihoods.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jmm.v10i4.40483
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