Digital Transformation of Maritime Education Management: Technology-Based Performance Systems and Lecturer Productivity in Indonesian Institutions

Suhartini Suhartini, Marudut Bernadtua Simanjuntak

Abstract


Digital transformation fundamentally reshapes academic work environments, yet maritime education institutions under Ministry of Transportation governance face distinctive challenges implementing technology-based management systems while maintaining lecturer wellbeing and institutional effectiveness. This convergent parallel mixed-methods research investigates how digital performance monitoring platforms, administrative systems, learning analytics, and e-leadership practices influence lecturer job satisfaction, organizational commitment, technostress, research productivity, and teaching effectiveness across fourteen Indonesian maritime higher education institutions. Through in-depth interviews with 425 lecturers, 58 administrators, 42 policy officials, and 35 technology specialists, combined with focus groups, organizational ethnography, and thematic analysis, this study reveals paradoxical technology impacts: while certain systems enhanced efficiency and pedagogical innovation, poorly implemented digital tools increased administrative burden (91% reporting), reduced perceived autonomy (87%), elevated technostress (64%), and negatively affected job satisfaction (71% negative intrinsic satisfaction). Critical moderating factors emerged including e-leadership effectiveness (91% successful implementations), participatory implementation approaches (88%), comprehensive professional development (87%), user-centered system design (94%), and robust technical support (84%). The research contributes the Maritime Academic Technology Impact Framework (MATIF) providing evidence-based implementation guidelines for administrators and policy officials pursuing digital transformation while protecting academic workforce sustainability within Ministry of Transportation governance contexts.

Keywords


Maritime Education Management; Technology-Based Performance Systems; Lecturer Job Satisfaction; Digital Transformation; Organizational Effectiveness.

Full Text:

DOWNLOAD [PDF]

References


Aeni, N., Jabu, B., Rahman, M. A., & Ismail, H. (2018). Need Analysis in Developing General Maritime English (GME) Materials For Indonesian Maritime Academy AIPI Makassar. Proceedings of the 65th TEFLIN International Conference, 65(02). https://www.academia.edu/download/96071485/4337.pdf

An, F., Yu, J., & Xi, L. (2022). Relationship between perceived teacher support and learning engagement among adolescents: Mediation role of technology acceptance and learning motivation. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(September), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.992464

Berg, H. P. (2013). Human factors and safety culture in maritime safety. Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation: STCW, Maritime Education and Training (MET), Human Resources and Crew Manning, Maritime Policy, Logistics and Economic Matters, 107, 107–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.12716/1001.07.03.04

Castleberry, A., & Nolen, A. (2018). Thematic analysis of qualitative research data: Is it as easy as it sounds? Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 10(6), 807–815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2018.03.019

Cicek, K., Akyuz, E., & Celik, M. (2019). Future skills requirements analysis in maritime industry. Procedia Computer Science, 158, 270–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.09.051

Creswell, J. W., & Clark, V. L. P. (2011). Choosing a mixed methods design. In Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (pp. 53–106). Sage Publications, Inc.

Gavalas, D., Syriopoulos, T., & Tsatsaronis, M. (2022). Assessing key performance indicators in the shipbuilding industry; an MCDM approach. Maritime Policy & Management, 49(4), 463–491. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2021.1876939

Jamil, M. G., & Bhuiyan, Z. (2021). Deep learning elements in maritime simulation programmes: a pedagogical exploration of learner experiences. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 18, 1–22. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41239-021-00255-0

Kaloumaira, J., Suka, M., Varo, J., Naikatini, M., Sekac, T., & Jana, S. K. (2023). Artificial intelligence and its importance for college of engineering, science, and technology, fiji national university during covid-19 pandemic. In Advancements in Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain Technology, and IoT in Higher Education (pp. 105–134). Apple Academic Press.

Karakasnaki, M., Pantouvakis, A., & Vlachos, I. (2023). Maritime social sustainability: Conceptualization and scale development. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 121(December 2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2023.103804

Kechagias, E. P., Chatzistelios, G., Papadopoulos, G. A., & Apostolou, P. (2022). Digital transformation of the maritime industry: A cybersecurity systemic approach. International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, 37, 100526. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1874548222000166

Koyuncu, K., & Tavacıoğlu, L. (2019). Usage of Maritime Sign Language on Board. Engineering Sciences, 14(4), 183–199. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/840717

Laghari, A. A., Wu, K., Laghari, R. A., Ali, M., & Khan, A. A. (2021). A review and state of art of Internet of Things (IoT). Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering, 1–19. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11831-021-09622-6

Merk, O., Hoffmann, J., & Haralambides, H. (2022). Post-COVID-19 scenarios for the governance of maritime transport and ports. Maritime Economics & Logistics, 24(4), 673–685. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/s41278-022-00228-8

Mudgal, A., & Bhatia, S. (2025). Big data with machine learning enabled intrusion detection with honeypot intelligence system on apache Flink (BDML-IDHIS). Journal of Computer Virology and Hacking Techniques, 21(1), 4. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11416-024-00545-x

Pappa, Z. (2024). Survey of the use AI in the maritime industry. Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς. https://dione.lib.unipi.gr/xmlui/handle/unipi/17143

Pérez, J. C. S. (2023). Omnichannel Marketing in Ambato’s SMEs. In R. J.L., P. M.K., V. G. J.A., & B. Z. (Eds.), Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies: Vol. 337 SIST (pp. 331–343). Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9099-1_22

Phanphichit, T., & Bartusevičienė, I. (2024). Perspectives of stakeholders on onboard training: A thematic analysis of qualitative interviews. Journal of International Maritime Safety, Environmental Affairs, and Shipping, 8(4), 2408698. https://doi.org/10.1080/25725084.2024.2408698

Pomaska, L., & Acciaro, M. (2022). Bridging the Maritime-Hydrogen Cost-Gap: Real options analysis of policy alternatives. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 107, 103283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2022.103283

Prabowo, A. R., Tuswan, T., & Ridwan, R. (2021). Advanced development of sensors’ roles in maritime-based industry and research: From field monitoring to high-risk phenomenon measurement. Applied Sciences, 11(9), 3954. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11093954

Rane, N., Choudhary, S., & Rane, J. (2023). Artificial Intelligence (Ai) and Internet of Things (Iot)–based sensors for monitoring and controlling in architecture, engineering, and construction: Applications, challenges, and opportunities. Engineering, and Construction: Applications, Challenges, and Opportunities (November 20, 2023). https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4642197

Rane, S. B., Thakker, S. V., & Kant, R. (2021). Stakeholders’ involvement in green supply chain: a perspective of blockchain IoT-integrated architecture. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 32(6), 1166–1191. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEQ-11-2019-0248

Rosário, A. T., & Dias, J. C. (2024). Innovative digital marketing in business. In Contemporary Trends in Innovative Marketing Strategies (pp. 1–35). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-1231-5.ch001

Santos, T., & Carvalho, A. B. (2020). Blue is the new green”: The economy of the sea as a (regional) development policy. Global Journal of Human-Social Science, 20(2), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEQ-11-2019-0248

Shambour, M. K., & Gutub, A. (2022). Progress of IoT research technologies and applications serving Hajj and Umrah. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 1–21. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13369-021-05838-7

Sharma, A. (2023). Potential of technology supported competence development for Maritime Education and Training. https://www.academia.edu/download/114183476/2023_168_Sharma_dissertation_3_.pdf

Simanjuntak, M. B., Rafli, Z., & Utami, S. R. (2024). Enhancing global maritime education: a qualitative exploration of post-internship perspectives and preparedness among cadets. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 18(4), 1134–1146. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1442593

Tarabasz, A. (2025). Anticipating Trends in Digital Marketing for 2025 and Beyond. In S. A., D. N., W. J., & A. R. M. (Eds.), Advances in Science, Technology and Innovation (pp. 63–71). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-92135-3_7

Verschuur, J., Koks, E. E., & Hall, J. W. (2021). Global economic impacts of COVID-19 lockdown measures stand out in high-frequency shipping data. PLOS ONE, 16(4), e0248818. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0248818

Willig, C. (2014). Interpretation and analysis. The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis, 481.

Wuwung, L., McIlgorm, A., & Voyer, M. (2024). Sustainable ocean development policies in Indonesia: paving the pathways towards a maritime destiny. Frontiers in Marine Science, 11(September), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1401332

Yap, W. Y., & Yang, D. (2024). Hub port choice and shipping connectivity in Southeast Asia during COVID-19 pandemic: implications for post-pandemic competition landscape. Maritime Policy & Management, 51(7), 1334–1349. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2022.2135179

Yi, S.-Y., Jung, M., & Lee, S.-I. (2025). Adapting to change: International maritime education and training for future seafarers – focusing on the comprehensive review of the STCW convention and code of the 10th session of the IMO HTW. Journal of International Maritime Safety, Environmental Affairs, and Shipping, 9(2), 2464486. https://doi.org/10.1080/25725084.2025.2464486

Zostautiene, D., Susniene, D., Dubraitė Manaikaitė, J., & Konczos Szombathelyi, M. (2025). Managing B2C digital marketing communication. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-11-2024-4973




DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/ijeca.v9i1.38274

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2026 Suhartini, Marudut Bernadtua Simanjuntak

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

IJECA (International Journal of Education and Curriculum Application) already indexed:

            

___________________________________________________________________

  
   https://doi.org/10.31764/ijeca.

   Creative Commons License
   IJECA (International Journal of Education and Curriculum Application)
   is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 View IJECA Stats

____________________________________________________________________

 IJECA Publisher Office: